Tarea # 19 Le président américain de la Banque mondiale critique les USA
Link:
http://www.boursorama.com/infos/actualites/detail_actu_marches.phtml?num=1dad6dbbfd53c7b6579e130c8746b34f
Entrega 5 de octubre
http://www.boursorama.com/infos/actualites/detail_actu_marches.phtml?num=1dad6dbbfd53c7b6579e130c8746b34f
Entrega 5 de octubre
Tarea # 18 The economic disaster that is military keynesianism: Why the US has really gone broke
Aqui esta el link del artículo
http://www.worldproutassembly.org/archives/2008/02/the_economic_di.html
Entrega 2 de octubre
http://www.worldproutassembly.org/archives/2008/02/the_economic_di.html
Entrega 2 de octubre
Tarea # 17 Demerits of PEMEX privatization
Les dejo el link de este artículo
http://www.coha.org/demerits-of-pemex-privatization/
Entrega 30 septiembre
http://www.coha.org/demerits-of-pemex-privatization/
Entrega 30 septiembre
Tarea # 16 Duerme bien y acertarás
Tarea que se dejó en clase del día 21 de septiembre por el profesor
Fecha de entrega 22 de septiembre
Fecha de entrega 22 de septiembre
TAREAS, ASISTENCIAS, EXAMENES
HOLA CHICOS!!!
LES PIDO QUE SIGAN ENVIANDO SUS ASISTENCIAS AL CORREO DEL GRUPO, POR FAVOR SÓLO ATIENDAN LAS INDICACIONES QUE LES DEN TANTO EL PROFESOR, SHANTAL, PACO O YO, PUES NOSOTROS LES HACEMOS LLEGAR ARCHIVOS DE TAREAS, FECHAS DE ENTREGA, ETC.
POR OTRA PARTE, ES MUY IMPORTANTE QUE ENVIEN UN CORREO POR CADA ASUNTO, POR EJEMPLO, SI EN UN MISMO DÍA SE ENTREGA UNA TAREA Y ASISTENCIA, LES PIDO ENVÍEN UN CORREO PARA CADA UNO.
AHORA BIEN, LES RECOMIENDO QUE NO ADJUNTEN LAS TAREAS, PUEDEN ESCRIBIRLA DIRECTAMENTE COMO MENSAJE DE CORREO ELECTRONICO, ESTO ES, PARA GARANTIZAR QUE SU TAREA LLEGUE SIN PROBLEMAS AL CORREO DEL GRUPO. PUEDEN ESCRIBIR SUS 5 RENGLONES CON LETRA ARIAL 12 EN WORD Y DESPUES COPIARLA EN EL CORREO PARA ENVIARLA Y QUE USTEDES ESTEN SEGUROS DE QUE SON MÁXIMO 5 RENGLONES.
POR FAVOR SEAN CUIDADOSOS CON LOS 5 RENGLONES, PUES POR DISPOSICIÓN DEL PROFESOR (MENCIONADO EN CLASE), SI UNA TAREA O EXAMEN SE EXCEDE DE ESTOS, NO PODRÁ SER EVALUADA AUNQUE SE ENTREGUE A TIEMPO.
LES AGRADEZCO MUCHO SU ATENCIÓN
ANGÉLICA ZÚÑIGA
LES PIDO QUE SIGAN ENVIANDO SUS ASISTENCIAS AL CORREO DEL GRUPO, POR FAVOR SÓLO ATIENDAN LAS INDICACIONES QUE LES DEN TANTO EL PROFESOR, SHANTAL, PACO O YO, PUES NOSOTROS LES HACEMOS LLEGAR ARCHIVOS DE TAREAS, FECHAS DE ENTREGA, ETC.
POR OTRA PARTE, ES MUY IMPORTANTE QUE ENVIEN UN CORREO POR CADA ASUNTO, POR EJEMPLO, SI EN UN MISMO DÍA SE ENTREGA UNA TAREA Y ASISTENCIA, LES PIDO ENVÍEN UN CORREO PARA CADA UNO.
AHORA BIEN, LES RECOMIENDO QUE NO ADJUNTEN LAS TAREAS, PUEDEN ESCRIBIRLA DIRECTAMENTE COMO MENSAJE DE CORREO ELECTRONICO, ESTO ES, PARA GARANTIZAR QUE SU TAREA LLEGUE SIN PROBLEMAS AL CORREO DEL GRUPO. PUEDEN ESCRIBIR SUS 5 RENGLONES CON LETRA ARIAL 12 EN WORD Y DESPUES COPIARLA EN EL CORREO PARA ENVIARLA Y QUE USTEDES ESTEN SEGUROS DE QUE SON MÁXIMO 5 RENGLONES.
POR FAVOR SEAN CUIDADOSOS CON LOS 5 RENGLONES, PUES POR DISPOSICIÓN DEL PROFESOR (MENCIONADO EN CLASE), SI UNA TAREA O EXAMEN SE EXCEDE DE ESTOS, NO PODRÁ SER EVALUADA AUNQUE SE ENTREGUE A TIEMPO.
LES AGRADEZCO MUCHO SU ATENCIÓN
ANGÉLICA ZÚÑIGA
Documento para la tarea # 15
Dear Gilles In the financial world, this week - * It has been a quieter week as markets consolidated recent gains and some investors locked in profits * Most stock markets finished at lower levels, except for China which is recovering after the recent correction there * The International Monetary Fund has increased its forecast for global economic growth to 2.9 percent for next year from the earlier forecast of 2.5 percent. It has lowered its estimate of world economic contractionfrom 1.4 percent to 1.3 percent for this year * Finance Ministers from the Group of 20 industrialised nations are meetingin London to plan how to wind down the substantial economic support they have put in to ending the recession, but that support will clearly be sustained for some time to come In the US - * The Federal Reserve has confirmed it expects expansion in the economy in this Quarter, but remains concerned about employment levels * It is preparing to end the purchase of mortgage related debt, and anticipates very low interest rates for the foreseeable future * The US dollar has weakened against most major currencies as investorsmove back to stock markets in anticipation of solid economic recovery * The number of job losses fell to 216,000 in August, the lowest for a year. It was 276,000 in July and peaked in January at 741,000 * However, the level of employment rose to 6.9 million or 9.7 percent, a26 year record. While recovery from the recession is clearly in place, itwill be restrained by high levels of unemployment * The Institute of Supply Management's Factory Index increased to 52.9 in August, indicating an expanding economy for the first time in 19 months.It is up from 48.9 in July, the biggest two monthly gain since 1983 * The increase was lead by a jump in new orders which increased to 64.9,its highest level since December 2004* Confirmed purchases of existing homes rose 3.2 percent in July, a record sixth consecutive month of growth * Wells Fargo says it will repay the US government support it received without raising equity to protect share holder value * The number of US Bank failures rose this week to 89 and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation says 416 Banks are on its watch list as they have inadequate levels of liquidity * Ford, Toyota and Honda report car sales for this August were aboveAugust of last year, the first monthly improvement for two years due to the
government car purchase support scheme In the stock markets, trading volumes were low in the run up to Labour Day on Monday, and markets finished at lower levels for the week, for just the second time in 8 weeks. The S&P 500 finished down 1.3 percent at 1,016;the Dow Jones is down 1.1 percent at 9,441 and the NASDAQ is down by 0.4percent at 2,019. The European Central Bank kept interest rates unchanged at 1.0 percent on Wednesday in anticipation of the economic recovery. The Dow JonesEurostoxx 600 fell 1.3 percent to 233 and the Euro is just unchanged at US$ 1.4296. The German DAX closed down 2.4 percent at 5,384. The French CAC 40 closed down by 2.5 percent at 3,599. The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development now says the UK will be one of the last European countries to come out of recession andthe FTSE closed at 4,852, down 1.2 percent. The sterling pound is at US$1.6392. In Asia, the MSCI Asia index closed unchanged at 101. There has been a changed in government in Japan as the Democratic Party of Japan was elected with a substantial majority, replacing the previous government which had ruled for more or less 50 years. The Nikkei closed lower by 3.3 percent at 10,187 and there are 93.01 yen to the dollar. In China, the Purchasing Manager's Index rose to 54.0 in August from 53.3in July, the biggest increase in 16 months, confirming estimates of a growthin Gross Domestic Product of at least 8.0 percent this year. Vehicle sales in China may rise 28 percent this year, enough to make it the world's biggest car market. The CSI 300 finished the week up 1.0 percent at 3,077 and the Hang Seng closed higher by 1.1 percent at 20,319. In India, Gross Domestic Product grew 6.1 percent last Quarter from a year earlier after a 5.8 percent rise in the previous Quarter, but weak monsoon rains continue to complicate the economic situation. The SenSex closeddown 1.5 percent at 15,689. In Mexico - * The Finance Ministry will present its 2010 budget proposal on Tuesday.It is expected include increases in taxes, spending cuts and a bigger budget deficit as the country faces a US$ 22 billion shortfall caused by the recession * The peso gained yesterday on expectation the proposed budget will be receive support from opposition parties * The President has called for a reform of the country's finances and a rationalisation of state energy monopolies saying time and resources are running out and the needs of the people are increasing * The Central Bank now says it will continue its daily auction of USD $ 50 million to support the peso through the month of September. The Bank had previously said it would end the daily sales of dollars on 8th September * The Bank also said that if necessary it would auction up to US$ 250 million a day at 2 percent above the previous day's fix rate to provide liquidity for the market * The Central Bank now expects to accumulate an additional US$ 1.6 billion in net reserves by the end of the year, an increase of US$ 428 millionfrom its previous estimate The Bolsa is down 1.0 percent at 28,309 and the peso closed at 13.36 tothe dollar. The Brazilian Bovespa closed almost unchanged at 56,652 down 1.8 percent. In the commodities markets - * Crude oil closed at US$ 68.02 per barrel, down 6.6 percent in the week. OPEC is expected to leave oil production volumes unchanged when it meetson 9th September in Vienna and fluctuations in oil prices this week havebeen largely related to the weakness of the dollar * Gold prices closed at US$ 997 per ounce having traded at up to US$999.50, a 6 month high, as investors move out of dollars. Some analysts now expect gold to trade consistently above US$ 1000 per ounce * Silver prices were also boosted by the weakening dollar, and closed up10 percent at US$ 16.29 an ounce, its highest level for 13 months * Corn prices were down 7.0 percent at US$ 3.06 per bushel * Coffee futures are up by 1.6 percent at US$ 1.24 per pound * Sugar prices fell for the first time in 9 weeks to close at 21.60 cents per pound, down 8.2 percent * Copper prices fell 3.2 percent to close at US$ 2.87 per pound With regards Mark 04455 2861 8722
government car purchase support scheme In the stock markets, trading volumes were low in the run up to Labour Day on Monday, and markets finished at lower levels for the week, for just the second time in 8 weeks. The S&P 500 finished down 1.3 percent at 1,016;the Dow Jones is down 1.1 percent at 9,441 and the NASDAQ is down by 0.4percent at 2,019. The European Central Bank kept interest rates unchanged at 1.0 percent on Wednesday in anticipation of the economic recovery. The Dow JonesEurostoxx 600 fell 1.3 percent to 233 and the Euro is just unchanged at US$ 1.4296. The German DAX closed down 2.4 percent at 5,384. The French CAC 40 closed down by 2.5 percent at 3,599. The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development now says the UK will be one of the last European countries to come out of recession andthe FTSE closed at 4,852, down 1.2 percent. The sterling pound is at US$1.6392. In Asia, the MSCI Asia index closed unchanged at 101. There has been a changed in government in Japan as the Democratic Party of Japan was elected with a substantial majority, replacing the previous government which had ruled for more or less 50 years. The Nikkei closed lower by 3.3 percent at 10,187 and there are 93.01 yen to the dollar. In China, the Purchasing Manager's Index rose to 54.0 in August from 53.3in July, the biggest increase in 16 months, confirming estimates of a growthin Gross Domestic Product of at least 8.0 percent this year. Vehicle sales in China may rise 28 percent this year, enough to make it the world's biggest car market. The CSI 300 finished the week up 1.0 percent at 3,077 and the Hang Seng closed higher by 1.1 percent at 20,319. In India, Gross Domestic Product grew 6.1 percent last Quarter from a year earlier after a 5.8 percent rise in the previous Quarter, but weak monsoon rains continue to complicate the economic situation. The SenSex closeddown 1.5 percent at 15,689. In Mexico - * The Finance Ministry will present its 2010 budget proposal on Tuesday.It is expected include increases in taxes, spending cuts and a bigger budget deficit as the country faces a US$ 22 billion shortfall caused by the recession * The peso gained yesterday on expectation the proposed budget will be receive support from opposition parties * The President has called for a reform of the country's finances and a rationalisation of state energy monopolies saying time and resources are running out and the needs of the people are increasing * The Central Bank now says it will continue its daily auction of USD $ 50 million to support the peso through the month of September. The Bank had previously said it would end the daily sales of dollars on 8th September * The Bank also said that if necessary it would auction up to US$ 250 million a day at 2 percent above the previous day's fix rate to provide liquidity for the market * The Central Bank now expects to accumulate an additional US$ 1.6 billion in net reserves by the end of the year, an increase of US$ 428 millionfrom its previous estimate The Bolsa is down 1.0 percent at 28,309 and the peso closed at 13.36 tothe dollar. The Brazilian Bovespa closed almost unchanged at 56,652 down 1.8 percent. In the commodities markets - * Crude oil closed at US$ 68.02 per barrel, down 6.6 percent in the week. OPEC is expected to leave oil production volumes unchanged when it meetson 9th September in Vienna and fluctuations in oil prices this week havebeen largely related to the weakness of the dollar * Gold prices closed at US$ 997 per ounce having traded at up to US$999.50, a 6 month high, as investors move out of dollars. Some analysts now expect gold to trade consistently above US$ 1000 per ounce * Silver prices were also boosted by the weakening dollar, and closed up10 percent at US$ 16.29 an ounce, its highest level for 13 months * Corn prices were down 7.0 percent at US$ 3.06 per bushel * Coffee futures are up by 1.6 percent at US$ 1.24 per pound * Sugar prices fell for the first time in 9 weeks to close at 21.60 cents per pound, down 8.2 percent * Copper prices fell 3.2 percent to close at US$ 2.87 per pound With regards Mark 04455 2861 8722
Tarea # 15 Dear Gilles...
Les envié el documento vía e-mail, por favor envienme un correo si no les llegó.
Fecha de entrega 18 de septiembre
Fecha de entrega 18 de septiembre
Tarea
Enviar el espesor del material con que está construido un porta-aviones
únicamente se tomará en cuenta como participación
Fecha límite de entrega 14 de septiembre
únicamente se tomará en cuenta como participación
Fecha límite de entrega 14 de septiembre
ECONOMICS: First, Kill the Economists
Foto: Thomas R MalthusE. Roy Weintraub. ECONOMICS. The reviewer is at the Department of Economics, Duke. University, Durham
The prophet Jeremiah is alive and well and teaching economics at Harvard. It is not often that a scholar with no particular historical or philosophical expertise trashes the Western enlightenment in order to stomp on the discipline of economics as a manifestation of all that was lost in creating the modern world. Stephen A. Marglin's argument in The Dismal Science is that economics--with its focus on an individual's preferences, the freedom to engage in activities to promote his or her well-being, and the pursuit of self-interest variously construed--perverts a natural moral order: 'the foundational assumptions of economics are in my view simply the tacit assumptions of modernity. The centerpiece in both is the rational, calculating, self-interested individual with unlimited wants for whom society is the nation-state.' And what modernity shunned was 'community.'
His main line is that 'The market undermines community because it replaces personal ties of economic necessity by impersonal market transactions.... The ambivalent relationship between noneconomists and economics reflects the ambivalence with which modernity is regarded.' To be sure, sociologists deal with community, as do anthropologists, as do political scientists, and so on. But economics, for Marglin, is different: 'Economics is not only descriptive; it is not only evaluative; it is at the same time constructive--economists seek to fashion a world in the image of economic theory.' Economics and thinking like an economist are bad for the health of the world. Indeed, he closes his volume stating that 'There are many ways of resolving the tensions between individualism and holism, between self-interest and obligation to others, between algorithm and experience, between the claims of various communities on our allegiance, between material prosperity and spiritual health. Economics offers one way, but as presently constituted, economics is hobbled by an ideology in which these tensions are replaced by a set of pseudo-universals about human nature. A dismal science indeed.' The argument about the proper way to do economics is an old one. An 1832 complaint in The Eclectic Review charged the work of Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo with leading the public far from 'the true path of inquiry' and making political economy 'a hideous chain of paradoxes at apparent war with religion and humanity.' In the past century or two, we have heard this lamentation from time to time from both secular and religious figures.
In much of Europe, what we now call economics developed in order to understand various matters of business law, contracts, taxation, international trade, and project management. Issues like tariff policy and currency management were discussed by individuals who were variously lawyers, engineers, politicians, managers, and business people, and training in such expertise developed pari passu.
The professionalization of economics was a late 19th century phenomenon. Cambridge's Alfred Marshall, in attempting to construct a scientific economics, was not able to establish economics as a separate discipline until the death of Henry Sidgwick, the university's professor of moral philosophy, under whose direction lectures in political economy had been organized. In the United States at that time, economics was growing from different sources. One stream followed from individuals who had obtained Ph.D.'s in Germany, where social policy issues--labor unions, socialism, the nascent welfare state, etc.--were galvanizing the universities. But a second stream nurturing the American progressive economists grew from the social gospel movement, which sought to promote the kingdom of God on Earth through enlightened social policy and the kind of market interventions that Adam Smith in fact quite welcomed.
The kind of economics from which Marglin recoils is, however, not of the sort that was present in writings of individuals (e.g., Smith, Ricardo, John Stuart Mill, Marshall, and John Commons) who have been claimed as ancestors by modern economists. It is instead what developed in the post-World War II stabilization of economic discourse and the final professionalization of the discipline. It was during that postwar period, not in the Enlightenment, that economic science became normal in Thomas Kuhn's sense.
Marglin's account appears confused by this history. Moreover, he appears to believe that the ideas he engages and then casts aside (ideas about the economic agent, preferences, equilibrium, models, and markets) all grew up not in the 20th century but hundreds of years earlier--and that those ideas have had stable meanings ever since: 'For four hundred years, economists have been active in the enterprise of constructing the modern economy and society, both by legitimizing the market and by promoting the values, attitudes, and behaviors that make for economic success. No apology is due for this--except for the pretense of scientific detachment and neutrality and the unwillingness to confront the ideological beam in our collective eye.' The ahistoricity of such a statement is startling; for instance, it assumes wrongly that there were individuals called economists 400 years ago and that science in 1600 meant the same thing as it does in 2008.
In his critique, Marglin moves back and forth between moralizing about the loss of community and contempt for the economists' tools and models. He claims, 'By promoting market relationships, economics undermines reciprocity, altruism, and mutual obligation, and therewith the necessity of community. The very foundations of economics, by justifying the expansion of markets, lead inexorably to the weakening of community.' He complains that 'it is difficult to tell a plausible story of how individuals acquire meaningful preferences between consumption today and consumption a decade or two hence, in the way one can imagine learning about peaches today and pears today.' But is not Marglin's Harvard College teaching an instruction of the young designed to shape their preferences, especially preferences about long-term versus short-term goals?
From the first times economic arguments were parsed and markets described, there were those who found both contemptible, and this was well before the Enlightenment. Attacks on money lending at interest go back even earlier than Jesus on the temple steps. Recall Aquinas's ideas about the 'just price.' One mustn't forget Shakespeare's Shylock, either. Tax collecting for kings and emperors requires economic management skills, but no one likes to pay taxes. In a prize-winning book (1), William Coleman showed how over the centuries the very idea of economics has been loathed by left, right, and center; Christian, Jew, and anti-Semite; pope and communist dictator; lawyer and business mogul; and scientist and humanist.
In this same tradition of anti-economics, Marglin sees the future of the field as bleak, with the current generation of economics students avoiding large questions in their search for career advancement. And the problems that economics creates will only get worse, he claims, because globalization will make the national community as obsolete as the market has made the local community.
I note in closing that the lead dust-jacket blurb for this volume was provided by the noted economist and social theorist Bianca Jagger (sic). Whatever was Harvard University Press thinking?" -- E. Roy Weintraub
Presentación de Agustin Carstens
11 de Agosto del 2009. Una presentación de Carstens acerca del estado actual de la economía, archivo para descarga en pdf.
Tarea # 11 Balance Personal Anual
Deben hacer su propio balance de ingresos, activo, pasivo, y el dinero neto que les queda. Se abarca de el mes de enero a agosto.
Fecha de Entrega 9 Septiembre
Fecha de Entrega 9 Septiembre
Examen #1: Entrega 2 de Septiembre
Consiste en enviar un resumen no mayor de 5 renglones del Tema 1
Entrega 2 de Septiembre
Entrega 2 de Septiembre
